PSG has now claimed the prestigious trophy on 14 separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match between the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to take a shock lead. Initially, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital equaliser in the dying seconds to send the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 penalty win.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.